GGC - Sexual Health - Supporting Adult Service Users with Relationships, Sexual Health and Sexual Wellbeing - IN DEVELOPMENT
Non-fatal strangulation (NFS) during sexual activity is when pressure is applied to the neck or throat, restricting a person’s breathing or blood flow. This might be done with hands, arms or objects like belts or scarves. Strangulation is always dangerous, whether during sexual activity or otherwise.
In recent years strangulation has become more common during sexual activity. It is often referred to as ‘choking’ or ‘breath play’. Some people might describe it as consensual however there is no safe way to strangle someone. Once pressure is applied a person may not be able to speak, breathe or withdraw consent.
Why is it becoming more common?
This rise is linked to the influence of online pornography, where strangulation has become normalised.
Social media and lack of awareness about the risks have contributed to normalising this is part of sexual activity. In June 2025 the UK Government announced that depiction of strangulation within pornography will be banned.
Dangers
Even if no signs of injury are visible, strangulation can cause serious and sometimes life-threatening injuries. Injuries are often hidden and symptoms may appear hours or days later. These may include:
Brain injury - due to restricted oxygen supply.
Stroke - pressure on the neck can damage arteries, leading to blood clots or stroke.
Damage to the airway, voice box or blood vessels - This may not be obvious at the time.
Loss of consciousness or death.
Support available
Emergency services: If someone feels unwell after being strangled - such as difficulty breathing, changes in voice, confusion, memory problems, vision issues, or seizures, they should call 999 or attend A&E immediately.
Sexual Assault Referral Centres (SARCs): These can provide specialist medical examination, care, and support for people who have experienced sexual assault. The Sexual Assault Referral Centre for Greater Glasgow and Clyde is The Archway Service. Sexual assault and rape
Domestic abuse/Gender Based Violence support services: Strangulation can be part of abusive or coercive relationships. Services such Women’s Aid or Rape Crisis can provide confidential help. Gender-based violence
Further Information
Institute for addressing strangulation: IFAS 