Warning

Sexual activity is broadly defined as any interaction or behaviour involving sexual organs, sexual stimulation and sexual communication, typically occurring between consenting individuals.

Its important to understand what counts as sexual activity, as some people might not know that they have been involved in what would be considered to be sexual activity. Using accurate language to describe behaviours/situations is important.

It is also important to recognise that Sexual Activity refers to consensual and non-consensual interactions. Understanding healthy boundaries, consent and respectful behaviour is important in promoting positive sexual health, relationships and wellbeing. 

Sexual activity includes anything from kissing to sexual touching, as well as more intimate acts such as oral, vaginal, and anal sex. It also includes online activity related to sexual interactions.

Areas to consider in relation to Sexual Activity:

Physical interaction: This can encompass a wide range of behaviours including sexual intercourse, oral sex and sexual touching.

Age of consent: Scotland and the UK have laws specifying the minimum age at which individuals can legally engage in sexual activity. The age of consent is 16.

Consent: Sexual activity must involve mutual consent from those involved. This means that people freely agree to participate without coercion or pressure.

Capacity to consent: It's essential to consider whether all involved have the capacity to consent, taking into account factors such as age, mental capacity and intoxication.

Sexual health: Sexual activity can lead to sexually transmitted infections (STIs), blood borne viruses and unplanned pregnancy. Access to STI testing, contraception and information are important.

Sexual offences: Engaging in sexual activity without consent or with someone who is unable to consent due to any form of incapacity is rape or sexual assault.

Editorial Information

Last reviewed: 02/03/2026

Next review date: 02/03/2027

Author(s): Chris Flynn.

Author email(s): chris.flynn@nhs.scot.

Approved By: Health Improvement Manager (Sexual Health)

Reviewer name(s): Chris Flynn.