References

Healthcare and forensic medical services standards
Healthcare Improvement Scotland

  1. World Health Organisation. Violence against women: Factsheet. 2024 [cited 2025 Mar 25]; Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/violence-against-women.

  2. Scottish Government. Scottish crime and justice survey. 2024 [cited 2025 Mar 25]; Available from: https://www.gov.scot/collections/scottish-crime-and-justice-survey/.

  3. NSPCC. Statistics briefing: child sexual abuse. 2024 [cited 2025 Mar 25]; Available from: https://learning.nspcc.org.uk/media/jwhpwojz/statistics-briefing-child-sexual-abuse.pdf.

  4. Scottish Government. Recorded crime in Scotland, 2021-22. 2022 [cited 2025 Mar 25]; Available from: https://www.gov.scot/publications/recorded-crime-scotland-2021-2022/documents/.

  5. Scottish Parliament. The Forensic Medical Services (Victims of Sexual Offences) (Scotland) Act 2021 Commencement Regulations 2022. 2022 [cited 2025 Mar 25]; Available from: https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ssi/2022/24/contents/made.

  6. Scottish Government. Health and Social Care Standards: My support, my life. 2018 [cited 2025 Mar 25]; Available from: https://www.gov.scot/publications/health-social-care-standards-support-life/

  7. Scottish Government. National Health and Wellbeing Outcomes Framework. 2015 [cited 2025 Mar 25]; Available from: https://www.gov.scot/publications/national-health-wellbeing-outcomes-framework/.

  8. NHS Education for Scotland. Trauma informed justice. 2023 [cited 2025 Mar 25]; Available from: https://transformingpsychologicaltrauma.scot/traumainformedjustice/home/.

  9. NHS Education for Scotland. Roadmap for Creating Trauma-Informed and Responsive Change: Guidance for Organisations, Systems and Workforces in Scotland. 2023 [cited 2025 Mar 25]; Available from: https://www.nes.scot.nhs.uk/nes-current/roadmap-for-creating-trauma-informed-and-responsive-change/.

  10. United Nations. International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. 1966 [cited 2025 Mar 25]; Available from: https://www.ohchr.org/en/instruments-mechanisms/instruments/international-covenant-economic-social-and-cultural-rights.

  11. United Nations. Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women New York, 18 December 1979. 1979 [cited 2025 Mar 25]; Available from: https://www.ohchr.org/en/instruments-mechanisms/instruments/convention-elimination-all-forms-discrimination-against-women

  12. United Nations. Convention On The Rights Of Persons With Disabilities (CRPD). 2006 [cited 2025 Mar 25]; Available from: https://social.desa.un.org/issues/disability/crpd/convention-on-the-rights-of-persons-with-disabilities-crpd.

  13. United Nations. General comment No. 22 (2016) on the right to sexual and reproductive health (article 12 of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights). 2016 [cited 2025 Mar 25]; Available from: http://docstore.ohchr.org/SelfServices/FilesHandler.ashx?enc=4slQ6QSmlBEDzFEovLCuW1a0Szab0oXTdImnsJZZVQfQejF41Tob4CvIjeTiAP6sGFQktiae1vlbbOAekmaOwDOWsUe7N8TLm%2BP3HJPzxjHySkUoHMavD%2Fpyfcp3Ylzg

  14. United Nations. Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities – Articles. 2023 [cited 2025 Mar 25]; Available from: https://www.un.org/development/desa/disabilities/convention-on-the-rights-of-persons-with-disabilities/convention-on-the-rights-of-persons-with-disabilities-2.html.
  15. Scottish Government. Policy: Violence agains women and girls. 2025 [cited 2025 Mar 25]; Available from: https://www.gov.scot/policies/violence-against-women-and-girls/.

  16. Lord Advocate. [2024] HCJAC 43. 2024 [cited 2025 Mar 25]; Available from: https://www.scotcourts.gov.uk/media/paub1wxo/2024hcjac43-references-by-his-majestys-advocate-against-pg-and-jm.pdf.

  17. Scottish Government. Bairns' Hoose - project plan: progress report and pathfinder delivery plan 2023 to 2025. 2024 [cited 2025 Mar 25]; Available from: https://www.gov.scot/publications/bairns-hoose-project-plan-progress-report-pathfinder-delivery-plan-2023-25/.

  18. Healthcare Improvement Scotland. Bairns' Hoose Standards. 2023 [cited 2025 Mar 25]; Available from: https://www.healthcareimprovementscotland.scot/publications/bairns-hoose-standards/.

  19. Public Health Scotland. Analytics and intelligence for people who access SARCS. 2023 [cited 2025 Mar 25]; Available from: https://www.publichealthscotland.scot/publications/analytics-and-intelligence-for-people-who-access-sarcs/analytics-and-intelligence-for-people-who-access-sarcs-2023/.

  20. Healthcare Improvement Scotland. Healthcare and forensic medical services for people who have experienced rape, sexual assault or child sexual abuse: children, young people and adults Indicators. 2020 [cited 2025 Mar 25]; Available from: https://www.healthcareimprovementscotland.scot/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Healthcare-and-forensic-Indicators-March-2020.pdf

  21. NHS Scotland. Realistic Medicine. 2023 [cited 2025 Mar 25]; Available from: https://realisticmedicine.scot/.

  22. NHS Education for Scotland. Person centred care. 2023 [cited 2025 Mar 25]; Available from: https://www.nes.scot.nhs.uk/our-work/person-centred-care/#whatispersoncentredcare1.

  23. NHS Inform. Help with health costs. 2023 [cited 2025 Mar 25]; Available from: https://www.nhsinform.scot/care-support-and-rights/health-rights/access/help-with-health-costs.

  24. NHS Education for Scotland. National trauma transformation programme. 2025 [cited 2025 Mar 25]; Available from: https://www.nes.scot.nhs.uk/our-work/trauma-national-trauma-transformation-programme/.

  25. Scottish Government. Scottish Sexual Assault Response Coordination (SSARC) - Health Board Service Specification. 2019 [cited 2025 Mar 25]; Available from: https://www.gov.scot/publications/rape-sexual-abuse-or-child-sexual-abuse-medical-services-guide-for-service-providers/.

  26. Scottish Government. Healthcare professionals - supporting adults who present having experienced rape or sexual assault: clinical pathway. 2022 [cited 2025 Mar 25]; Available from: https://www.gov.scot/publications/clinical-pathway-healthcare-professionals-working-support-adults-present-having-experienced-rape-sexual-assault-2/.

  27. Scottish Government. Healthcare professionals - supporting children and young people who may have experienced child sexual abuse: clinical pathway. 2022 [cited 2025 Mar 25]; Available from: https://www.gov.scot/publications/clinical-pathway-healthcare-professionals-working-support-children-young-people-experienced-child-sexual-abuse-2/.

  28. Scottish Government. Adult Support and Protection (Scotland) Act 2007: Code of Practice. 2022 [cited 2024 Nov 18]; Available from: https://www.gov.scot/publications/adult-support-protection-scotland-act-2007-code-practice-3/pages/1/.

  29. Scottish Government. National guidance for child protection in Scotland 2023 [cited 2025 Mar 25]; Available from: https://www.gov.scot/publications/national-guidance-child-protection-scotland-2021-updated-2023/documents/.

  30. NICE. Post-traumatic stress disorder. 2018 [cited 2025 Mar 25]; Available from: https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng116.

  31. Scottish Government. Nursing 2030 vision. 2017 [cited 2025 Mar 25]; Available from: https://www.gov.scot/publications/nursing-2030-vision-9781788511001/pages/1/.

  32. Scottish Parliament. Health and care (staffing) (Scotland) Act 2019. 2019 [cited 2025 Mar 25]; Available from: https://www.legislation.gov.uk/asp/2019/6/enacted.

  33. COSLA and Scottish Government. Planning with people: Community engagement and participation guidance. 2023 [cited 2025 Mar 25]; Available from: https://www.gov.scot/publications/planning-people-community-engagement-participation-guidance-updated-2024/.

  34. Scottish Government. NHS public protection accountability and assurance framework. 2022 [cited 2025 Mar 25]; Available from: https://www.gov.scot/publications/nhs-public-protection-accountability-assurance-framework/.

  35. NHSScotland. Whistleblowing policy. 2021 [cited 2025 Mar 25]; Available from: https://workforce.nhs.scot/policies/whistleblowing-policy/.

  36. Scottish Government. Duty of candour. 2023 [cited 2024 Mar 25]; Available from: https://www.gov.scot/policies/healthcare-standards/duty-of-candour/.

  37. Cohen CE CR. Patient confidentiality and autonomy: how do we account for coercive control? Sexually Transmitted Infections 2017;93:232-3.

  38. British Association for Sexual Health and HIV. National guidelines for the management of individuals disclosing sexual violence in sexual health services. 2022 [cited 2025 Mar 25]; Available from: https://www.bashh.org/_userfiles/pages/files/resources/bashh_sv_2022.pdf.

  39. The Faculty of Forensic and Legal Medicine. Recommendations – Consent from patients who may have been seriously assaulted. 2023 [cited 2025 Mar 25]; Available from: https://fflm.ac.uk/resources/publications/recommendations-consent-from-patients-who-may-have-been-seriously-assaulted/.

  40. NHS Education for Scotland. Sexual offences examination and clinical management. 2023 [cited 2025 Mar 25]; Available from: https://learn.nes.nhs.scot/2651.

  41. The Faculty of Forensic and Legal Medicine and Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health. Quality Standards for Clinicians Undertaking Paediatric Sexual Offence Medicine (PSOM). 2024 [cited 2025 Mar 25]; Available from: https://fflm.ac.uk/resources/publications/quality-standards-for-clinicians-undertaking-paediatric-sexual-offence-medicine-psom/.

  42. NHS Education for Scotland. Public protection. 2025 [cited 2025 Mar 25]; Available from: https://learn.nes.nhs.scot/64316.

  43. The Faculty of Forensic and Legal Medicine of the Royal College of Physicians. Quality standards in forensic medicine. 2022 [cited 2025 Mar 25]; Available from: https://fflm.ac.uk/resources/publications/fflm-quality-standards-in-forensic-medicine/.

  44. General Medical Council. Intimate examinations and chaperones. 2024 [cited 2025 Mar 25]; Available from: https://www.gmc-uk.org/professional-standards/the-professional-standards/intimate-examinations-and-chaperones.

  45. Scottish Police Authority. Forensic medical examinations: DNA decontamination guidelines. 2019 [cited 2025 Mar 25]; Available from: https://www.gov.scot/publications/forensic-medical-examinations-dna-decontamination-guidelines/.

  46. The Faculty of Forensic and Legal Medicine. Recommendations for the Collection of Forensic Specimens from Complainants and Suspects. 2023 [cited 2025 Mar 25]; Available from: https://fflm.ac.uk/resources/publications/recommendations-for-the-collection-of-forensic-specimens-from-complainants-and-suspects/.

  47. Scottish Government. United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC): clarification of inherent obligations. 2024 [cited 2025 Mar 25]; Available from: https://www.gov.scot/publications/clarification-inherent-obligations-united-nations-convention-rights-child-uncrc/pages/1/

  48. The Faculty of Forensic and Legal Medicine and Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health. Guidance for best practice for the management of intimate images which may become evidence in court. 2023 [cited 2025 Mar 25]; Available from: https://fflm.ac.uk/resources/publications/guidance-for-best-practice-for-the-management-of-intimate-images-which-may-become-evidence-in-court/

  49. International Society for Quality in Healthcare (ISQua). Guidelines and principles for the development of health and social care standards. 2018 [cited 2025 Mar 25]; Available from: https://ieea.ch/media/attachments/2021/08/10/isqua-guidelines-and-principles-for-the-development-of-health-and-social-care-standards-5th-edition-v1.0.pdf.

  50. Scottish Government. Keeping the Promise implementation plan. 2022 [cited 2025 Mar 25]; Available from: https://www.gov.scot/publications/keeping-promise-implementation-plan/pages/2/.

  51. Scottish Parliament. Sexual Offences (Scotland) Act. 2014 [cited 2025 Mar 25]; Available from: http://www.legislation.gov.uk/asp/2009/9/contents.