Spasms

The nerves of the spinal cord and brain form a complex circuit that controls our body movements. Information on sensations or processes such as touch, movement or muscle stretch is sent up the spinal cord to the brain. In response, the brain interprets the signal and sends the necessary commands back down the spinal cord to tell your body how to react.

The reaction of the body, such as jerking away from a hot object, is a reflex and happens quickly and automatically. After a spinal cord injury, the normal flow of signals is disrupted, and the message does not reach the brain. Instead, the signals are sent back to the spinal cord and cause a reflex muscle spasm. This can result in a twitch, jerk or stiffening of the muscle.

Just about any touch, movement or irritation can trigger and sustain spasms. Mild spasm can be helpful in maintaining muscle tone and  bone strength and can help protect against osteoporosis. Spasm also helps maintain circulation and can even assist transfers. However, severe spasms can be very disruptive to everyday activities which in turn can impact upon someone's emotional wellbeing.

Spasms can act as a warning mechanism to identify pain or problems below the level of sensation such as:

• Pressure sores
• Ingrown toe nails
• Constipation
• Urinary tract infections
• Over distended bladder
• Fatigue
• Mood changes (excitement, anxiety etc.)
• Postural alignment or contractures

For more information on how Spasms are treated, see the Medications page.